Arthritis is a chronic joint disease accompanied by pathological changes in hyacinth cartilage, followed by adjacent tissues, joint capsules, and synovial shells.
Failure is inherently malnutrition and degenerative, which leads to changes in joint tissue structure, i.e. loss of its function.According to the same statistics, arthritis accounts for 12% of the total planet's population.62% to 65% of all attacks of the disease fall on people over the age of 60.
Among patients aged 40-60, another 30-35% of combined impairment cases are cases of this pathology.About 3% are young people aged 20-40.
What's this?
In short, arthritis is a chronic disease in which changes in progressive degenerative diseases occur in the joints due to violation of metabolic processes.It is the most common joint pathology and is diagnosed in 6-7% of the population.As we age, the incidence rate increases dramatically.
Most commonly, with the effect of the joints, the small joints of the brush are involved in the pathological process (10 times more frequent in women than men), the toes of the feet, the intervertebral bone joints of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae, and the knee and hip joints.The articity of the knee and hip joints leads the way in terms of the severity of clinical manifestations and the negative impact on quality of life.
Arthritis is characterized by a total damage to joints and auxiliary equipment:
- Chonditis - inflammatory changes in articular cartilage;
- Osteitis - A pathological process involved in the discipline's bone structure;
- Synovitis of synovitis - inflammation of the inner shell of the joint capsule;
- Burritt - Defeat the bags surrounding the fence;
- Reactive inflammation of soft tissues (muscles, subcutaneous fibers, ligaments) involving projection of joints (peripheral inflammation).
In 2% of people under 45, the disease was found in 30% of people under 45 and under 64 years of age and in 65-85% and over 65 years of age.Due to the negative impact on living standards and the ability of patients, the greatest clinical importance is arthritis in the large and middle joints of the limbs.
Types of joints
According to the reasons for the pathological process, there are major joints, secondary and idiopathic in the joints.
It develops into a separate disease mainly due to injury or infection, so the cause of the idiopathic form is not yet known.In addition to classifying the disease, depending on the cause of the pathological process, there are also differences in the location of the destructive changes:
- Adenotropic cancer is the most common pathological type characterized by knee damage.In most cases, people with overweight and chronic metabolic diseases in the body will find contributing experience.The knee joint develops for a long time and gradually leads to a complete loss of motor function.
- The articity of the shoulder joint is the main reason for the degeneration of this area by shoulder joint development or congenital abnormalities of excessive load on the area, for example, when the shoulder is wearing a heavy treasure.
- Ankle arthritis - The main causes of the development of degeneration in the ankle joint are injuries, dislocations, stretching, and fractures.In some cases, the development of pathological processes can cause an autoimmune disease - rheumatoid arthritis.Ankle arthritis is prone to dancers, women wearing high heels, athletes.
- Unrelated or arthritis in the cervical area - causes neck injury, osteochondrosis, obesity, inactive lifestyle.At risk, people working on computers in the office.In addition to severe neck pain, the patient is also significantly dizzy, inhibits consciousness, memory disorders and fatigue.These symptoms are caused by compression of the vertebral artery, where nutrients and oxygen enter the brain.
- Curd or arthritis in the hip joint - The main reason for this is the age-related changes in joint tissue.There are people over 45 years old in danger.
- Osteoarthritis of the fingers - develops for the same reasons as spondylitis.
- Multidynamic - Characterized by damage to multiple joints, including progressive degeneration, while ligaments, muscles and tissue joints are involved in the pathological process.
- Spinal arthritis - Destructive damage to the tissues of the spine, i.e. its waist department.During menopause, women's risk groups have progressed due to spinal arthritis in the context of sexual hormone deficiency in women.
Causes of joints
Joint formation is facilitated by two reasons - loading and lack of providing vitamins, minerals to restore the entire nutrients of the tissue.Everyone's joints are loaded.Athletes and dancers work physically, and the burden on their feet is greater, which means that bones and joints wear out faster and require high-quality nutrition.With a calm lifestyle, the supporters wear slowly, but the fabric needs to be updated regularly.
Therefore, the main condition for joint destruction and deformation is that the nutrients are not allowed to be removed, which usually occurs in the case of metabolic diseases.
We list factors that contribute to wear and tear of joint compounds and metabolic diseases:
- Muscle weakness and joint loading.Weakening of one or more muscles increases the load on the joints and is unevenly distributed in the ossified compound.Incorrect muscle loads are also formed for flat feet, scoliosis, so as to grow older, these "harmless" diseases, cartilage tissue will wear out and arthritis will appear.
The possibility of joints increases with strong physical fatigue.
If the daily load exceeds the capacity of bone tissue, micro-magazines are formed.Thickening occurs in the damage, and over time, joints grow and deform.
- Metabolic diseases (gastrointestinal diseases - bile, malnutrition, gastritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, stagnation of metabolic diseases - diabetes);
- Psychological Causes - The psychology of arthritis confirms that the cause of the disease has become a negative emotional state.Pressure forms muscle spasms, constant pressure destroys the nutrients of all tissues (internal organs, bones, joints);
- Genetic (the type of metabolism is inherited, potential violations, tendency to incorrectly form of muscle weakness or bone equipment is poorer digestion - which is the basis for the development of arthritis in older people).
Arthritis is a worn joint disease that loses a lot of minerals and the ability to offset load and damage.Therefore, as you age, the susceptibility of the disease increases.70 years later, arthritis was diagnosed as every second retiree.The first sign of arthritis is formed as the maximum load falls on the feet (one moves - walking, bleaching, running, jumping).
Mechanisms of disease progression
When joint disease occurs when any cause of joint disease occurs, the pathological process begins to develop.Their progress mechanism has not been fully studied, but the main stages of official medicine are known.
In the initial stage, abnormal changes in the structure and synovial fluid of the cartilage tissue will occur.All these benefits are either taken up by the violation of the metabolic process in which the joint tissue does not receive a sufficient number of necessary components, or are deprived of some of them.
Next, the elasticity of collagen fibers and the flexibility of cartilage are lost because hyaluronic acid does not have time to produce the softness and flexibility of the collagen fiber structure composition due to the lack of nutrients.The cartilage gradually drys, becomes brittle and ruptured.The liquid in the bursa is gradually consumed and then completely disappears.
On the cartilage fabric, a roughness, solid bone tumor forms.At the same time, the deformation and development of other joint tissues, their pathological degeneration, malnutrition and loss of physiological activity.For patients, these changes mean the occurrence of joint pain, laxity and fixation.
Joint symptoms
Arthropathy is not characterized by acute clinical conditions, and changes in joints are progressive and slowly growing, which is manifested as gradual increase in symptoms:
- pain;
- periodically induces tightening in the affected joints;
- joint deformation that occurs and enhances as the disease progresses;
- rigidity;
- Limit mobility (reduce the volume of active and passive movement in affected joints)
The pain of arthritis is a silly transient, and it appears in the context of weight load when moving at the end of the day (it may be so intense that it does not allow the patient to fall asleep).The constant, non-grozen properties of articular pain are atypical, indicating the presence of active inflammation (subchondral bone, synovial membrane, ligament membrane or peripheral muscle).
Most patients noticed that the so-called starting pain of SO occurs in the morning or after passing during prolonged inaction and motor activities.Many patients define this condition as the need to “develop joints” or “disperse”.
Arthritis is characterized by morning stiffness, which has a distinct positioning and short-term (no more than 30 minutes) and is sometimes seen by the patient as a "jelly" in the joints.Maybe it's a distraction, stiff feeling.
With the development of reactive synovitis, the main symptoms of arthritis are also added:
- Temperature soreness and local elevations determined by palpation of affected joints;
- the persistent nature of the pain;
- Increased joint volume and swelling of soft tissue;
- The amount of exercise is gradually reduced.
Joint stages and degrees
During the disease, the drug distinguishes three stages that vary in the intensity of the disease signs, damage and localization.Meanwhile, the differences in all three stages involve the types of fabrics that suffer from pathological changes.
- The first development of joint articulation is the initial stage of the disease.It is characterized by minor lesions in cartilage tissue and loss of physiological function in collagen fibers.Meanwhile, in the first stage, smaller morphological diseases of bone tissue and structural changes in synovial fluid were noted.The cartilage of the joint is covered with cracks and the patient has mild pain in the pathologically located position.
- The second degree is that dynamics increase joint development.This stage is characterized by stabilization of pain, color.Noting the famous morphology of cartilage and malnutrition cartridges, bone growth revealed during diagnosis.Bone-forming plants - bone growth visible in visual examination of damaged sites.At the same time, a degenerative change process of the bursa occurs, resulting in its structural exhaustion.The disease at this stage is usually aggravated and regular.The pain gradually becomes constant.
- The third degree is the active process.At this stage, the sliding fluid is almost completely absent due to its denaturation, and the bone tissues are suddenly abruptly to each other.Joint mobility is almost completely absent, and the pain becomes more realistic.There is no cartilage tissue due to degenerate and atrophic changes.Third-degree treatment of joints is considered impractical.
In addition to the development of these three pathology, all articular tissue has a final stage – irrevocable destruction.At this stage, not only is the need to perform production therapy, but it is also impossible to eliminate pain syndrome.
The inflammatory process usually begins in the second phase, and in rare cases, the inflammatory process begins without medical intervention.Subsequently, it becomes more difficult to prevent it, which may lead to the development of secondary pathology, i.e., the pathogenic population located in the disease.
To rule out serious consequences, treatment should be initiated from level one and intensive care methods should be used.In the final stages associated with complete destruction of cartilage tissue, only one way to ride the patient out of pain and joint pain - the endohost plant can completely or partially replace the joint components.
result
Untimely treatments and the consequences of arthritis are full of complications, such as:
- Disability;
- There is no possibility of deformation recovery;
- the appearance of vertebrates;
- inactivity or immobility of joints;
- Reduce the quality and standards of life.
In addition to these complications, the chronic disease course is accompanied by tension and frequent pain, which completely destroys the structural components of the joints, makes you feel uncomfortable, and you are unable to perform physical work and exercise.
diagnosis
The diagnosis of arthritis is based on the evaluation of phagocytosis data, and the characteristics of the disease are the result of tool research methods.General indicative changes and articular biochemical blood tests are not characteristic and they only occur in the development of active inflammatory processes.
The main tool for diagnosing joints is radiography, and in cases where unclear diagnosis is implicated, calculations or magnetic rejection tomography are recommended.
The articity of the knee and hip joints leads the way in terms of the severity of clinical manifestations and the negative impact on quality of life.
Other diagnostic methods:
- atrophy arthroscopy;
- Ultrasound examination (evaluating the thickness of articular cartilage, synovial shell, joint bag condition, fluid presence);
- Scintography (evaluating the bone tissue status of the bone forming the joint).
How to treat arthritis?
It is best to treat arthritis in the joints early, and the treatment itself should be pathogenic and complex.Its essence is to eliminate the causes that cause the disease to develop, and it is also necessary to eliminate the inflammatory changes and restore the functions lost earlier.
The treatment of arthritis is based on several basic principles:
- Saturation with intraarticular oxidation therapy stained with oxygen or So.
- Drug treatment.
- Internal blockade and meta-epifiz decompression.
- Reasonable nutritional methods.
- Damaged joints should be eliminated from excessive loads.If possible, it usually has to be minimized during treatment.
- Follow the established orthopedic system.
- Category of physical therapy.
- The passage of physical therapy, including magnet and electrotherapy, shock waves, and laser therapy.
- Nursing home treatment.To this end, it is necessary to receive course treatment at a professional resort every year according to the doctor's advice.
Preparation for joint treatment
Drug treatment is performed at the stage of aggravation of arthritis selected by experts.Self-medication is unacceptable due to possible side effects (e.g., the negative effects of NSAIDs on the gastric mucosa).
Treatment includes the purpose of such drugs:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs.The initiation therapy for arthritis is comprehensive, and you can slow down the disease and greatly improve the quality of life.At some treatment points, it is worth living in more detail.In particular, treatment with medications is included in the initial stages - which is to eliminate pain, as well as eliminate the inflammation that occurs in the joints.To do this, all doctors use non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs.Experienced doctors do not recommend oral use because these drugs can greatly stimulate the stomach wall.Therefore, intravenous or intramuscular administration is used depending on the selected drug.Sometimes, as an auxiliary means, NSAIDs are used in the form of ointments, but their absorption is extremely low, so significant effects cannot be achieved.
- Hormone corticosteroids.When arthritis is in a worsening phase, the hormone corticosteroids are recommended.They are inserted into the joints.Externally, you can use special patches, ointments, or tin agents that are made from burning pepper.
- Cartilage protectors designed to restore cartilage and improve synovial fluid high-quality composition will not be redundant.The course lasts for a long time until improvements are made.However, if the expected effect does not present a half-year technique, the drug should be cancelled.Also internal, as well as cartilage protectors, it is recommended to use drugs made from hyaluronic acid.They help to form the cell membrane responsible for articular cartilage formation.
Physical therapy
To stop the pain, reduce inflammation, improve microcirculation and eliminate muscle cramps in patients with arthritis, physical therapy is performed directly:
- In the intensifying stage.Prescription laser therapy, magnetic therapy and ultraviolet radiation,
- In the remission phase.Electrophoresis and speech are shown.
Additionally, thermal procedures, sulfides, ra and sea baths are used.To strengthen muscles, electrical stimulation is performed.During the relief phase, gentle massages can also be used.
Surgical treatment
Due to the ineffectiveness of these exposure methods, in the presence of complications, surgical treatment of joints is resorted to:
- decompression of the meta-membrane and prolonged intraosseous mass (reduced intraosseous pressure in affected areas);
- Corrective osteotomy;
- The heart of the joint.
In the early stages of the disease, mechanical, laser or calm debates are used (smooth the surface of cartilage, clearing out unsurvivable areas).This method effectively prevents pain syndrome, but has a temporary effect of 2-3 years.
Folk therapy
In our day, most people don’t want to take pills or get injections.So, they want to know - how to cure arthritis with the help of folk remedies?In most cases, such funds are designed to increase the body's tone, improve blood circulation, relieve pain and increase immunity.
To treat this disease, this traditional medical recipe is used:
- Prepare an egg solution with fresh egg yolks, which are mixed with nuts and apple cider vinegar in a ratio of 1:1:1.Then you need to wrap everything in a wool scarf.It is recommended to perform friction 2-3 times a week 1 month.
- The pharmacy was purchased by Eleasil's roots.Usually, it faces a 50g package.To prepare the tin agent, it will require half a pack of plant roots and 150 ml of high-quality vodka.Mix the ingredients, place it in a dark bottle and hold on for 12 days.The trash is before bedtime, if possible.
- The use of boiled oatmeal can also achieve good results.Take three tablespoons of oatmeal, pour boiling water, and cook over low heat for five to seven minutes.The amount of water used should ensure that thick porridge is received, which should be cooled at night and used as compression.Use only the recently boiled slices.Yesterday's compressed porridge was not suitable.
- Birch leaves, nettles and inflorescences are equal in content.As a result, you need to get two tablespoons.We fold the resulting chopped collection in a thermos bottle, pour a liter of boiling water, and leave it overnight.Starting from the next morning, it is necessary to take half a cup of soup four to five times a day.The process of taking this recipe is two to three months.
Tin agents for bay leaves, horseradish, garlic and rye granules are also considered effective.If you use it in combination with medication, joint treatment with folk therapy will be the most effective.
Dietary arthritis
The basic principles of joint nutrition are reduced to the following points:
- Do not eat heavy food at night to avoid attacking arthritis.
- Eat every minute.
- Continuously monitor weight to avoid weight gain,
This means an extra load on the sore joints. - When the disease does not worsen, hike after eating.
- The menu must be balanced and compiled with the attending physician.
There are absolutely no complaints about fish dishes - of course, they can be used reasonably.
- Don't forget to use regular vitamin intake with food.For joint patients, B vitamins are particularly relevant
- An important role in joint therapy is assigned to Cold Man.This food will be a real warehouse for trace elements of sore joints.The most important component of the cold is collagen of natural origin.
- Vitamin B will help produce hemoglobin.It can be "obtained" by eating bananas, nuts, cabbage and potatoes.Worth bringing greenery and beans.They will become the source of folic acid.Liver, mushrooms, dairy products, and eggs will be useful.They are rich in riboflavin.
Observe the treatment plan specified by the doctor, and recovery of the disease can be achieved, and tissue damaged tissue will begin to recover.
prevention
Preventing arthritis begins with proper nutrition.It is necessary to try to reduce salt consumption, as well as foods that may destroy metabolism.These include beans, fatty meat, alcohol.The diet includes cabbage, greens and fish.
In order to prevent arthritis, it is necessary to participate in physical education classes and keep warm.If possible, it is better to walk a few kilometers.It is also important to monitor weight and prevent weight gain, as this will add additional burden to the inflamed joints.Pills are not recommended to lose weight, as they can damage the body's metabolism.
forecast
Predictions for life are beneficial.Preferences in social and labor predictions depend on the timeliness of diagnosis and at the onset of treatment, which decrease when the surgical treatment problems of the disease are addressed tightly when necessary.